Best anonymous credentials that don't use pairings: Single show, no attributes, symmetric issuer: Privacy Pass; uses VOPRFs Multi show, attributes, symmetric issuer: CMZ14 (original, https://eprint.iacr.org/2013/516)/CPZ19 (group element attribute variant, https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/1416); uses "algebraic MACs" and categorically supercedes U-Prove Single show,